SCIENCE BOND

  As stated it Sir Cayley to maintain a plane in flight, three elements must be assured: the lift of the plane, its propulsion and finally its stability. Two of these forces are generated by the relative movement of the air compared to the plane. The first one is the lift. This force is directed upwards and is acting perpendicular to the displacement of the plane. It is thanks to this force that the plane is maintained in the air. The second is the drag. It is exerted in the direction opposed to the displacement of the plane. It is due to the breaking action of the air on the plane and is opposed to the advance of the plane. The lift and the drag are called aerodynamic forces because they are resulting from the action of the air due to the displacement of the airplane. The force due to gravity, the weight of the plane, is opposed to the   lift. The balance of the lift and the weight leads to the fact that the plane is maintained at constant altitude. To e...

Johan August Arfwedson was born on January 12, 1792 in Sweden. He belonged to a wealthy bourgeois family.How was Lithium Discovered? The first cues of lithium existing dates back to the year 1800. De Andrada, a famous scientist and statesman was visiting Scandinavia. During his trips, he came across a new mineral. Not being sure about what it was, he called it as mineral petalite. Scientists all over the world were not convinced that this material was some kind of mineral. People started studying this thing. Johan August Arfwedson also started analyzing the mineral petalite. In his study, he found that 10 per cent of the mineral was some other substance. He came to a conclusion that the missing mineral was totally different. He decided to name it as "lithium". Lithium derives from the Greek word lithos which means a stone. So, the next time you come across any mobile phone battery or ball bearings of any huge machinery, you remember whom you need to be t...

Born in Glasgow in October 1852, Ramsay was the only son of an engineer and businessman. He began his education in Glasgow Academy, which was followed by studies at the University of Glasgow. His initial interest in chemistry began when he first read about gunpowder in a book. He started attending lectures in the subject and even worked as an apprentice in the laboratory of the city analyst Robert Tatlock. Ramsay went on to become a student of Rudolf Fittig, an organic chemist in the University of Tubingen in Germany. Here he received his doctorate for his thesis on investigations on the toluic and nitrotoluic acids. Following this, Ramsay returned to his hometown to become an assistant of Thomas Anderson at Anderson College. Ramsay went on to become the principal at the University College of Bristol, where he conducted research in the field of organic chemistry and gases. Contributions to chemistry Ramsay has made many contributions to the field of chemistry. His ...

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is almost spherical and consists of hot plasma interwoven with magnetic fields. It has a diameter of about 1,392,684 km (865,374 mi), around 109 times that of Earth, and its mass (1.989 × 10 30 kilograms, approximately 330,000 times the mass of Earth) accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Chemically, about three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen, whereas the rest is mostly helium. The remaining 1.69% (equal to 5,600 times the mass of Earth) consists of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron, among others. The Sun formed about 4.567 billion years ago from the   gravitational collapse of a region within a large molecular cloud. Most of the matter gathered in the center, whereas the rest flattened into an orbiting disk that would become the Solar System. The central mass became increasingly hot and dense, eventually initiating thermonuclear fusion ...